| vars | n | mean | sd | median | min | max | range | se | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ENV1 | 1 | 1500 | 4.79 | 2.30 | 5.00 | 1 | 9 | 8 | 0.06 |
| ENV2 | 2 | 1500 | 4.34 | 2.60 | 4.00 | 1 | 9 | 8 | 0.07 |
| ENV3 | 3 | 1500 | 3.70 | 2.26 | 4.00 | 1 | 9 | 8 | 0.06 |
| ENV4 | 4 | 1500 | 4.47 | 2.59 | 5.00 | 1 | 9 | 8 | 0.07 |
| ENV5 | 5 | 1500 | 4.66 | 2.17 | 5.00 | 1 | 9 | 8 | 0.06 |
| ENV6 | 6 | 1500 | 5.41 | 2.20 | 5.00 | 1 | 9 | 8 | 0.06 |
| ENV7 | 7 | 1500 | 3.49 | 2.08 | 3.00 | 1 | 9 | 8 | 0.05 |
| ENV8 | 8 | 1500 | 4.06 | 2.30 | 4.00 | 1 | 9 | 8 | 0.06 |
| ENV9 | 9 | 1500 | 3.69 | 2.37 | 3.00 | 1 | 9 | 8 | 0.06 |
| ENV10 | 10 | 1500 | 4.22 | 2.32 | 4.00 | 1 | 9 | 8 | 0.06 |
| ENV11 | 11 | 1500 | 4.15 | 2.25 | 4.00 | 1 | 9 | 8 | 0.06 |
| ENV12 | 12 | 1500 | 5.12 | 2.25 | 5.00 | 1 | 9 | 8 | 0.06 |
| ENV13 | 13 | 1500 | 4.61 | 1.96 | 5.00 | 1 | 9 | 8 | 0.05 |
| ENV14 | 14 | 1500 | 3.93 | 2.00 | 4.00 | 1 | 9 | 8 | 0.05 |
| ENV15 | 15 | 1500 | 3.58 | 1.99 | 4.00 | 1 | 9 | 8 | 0.05 |
| Mean | 16 | 1500 | 4.28 | 1.54 | 4.27 | 1 | 9 | 8 | 0.04 |
Environmentalism
A Politico-Psychological Analysis
1 Study Characteristics
1.1 Items: Environmentalism
All items started with “Please indicate your level of agreement to the statements below:”
| Item | Item Description |
|---|---|
| Env_1 | I would be willing to pay higher prices in order to protect the environment |
| Env_2 | The rights of animals ought be considered just as important as the rights of humans |
| Env_3 | The production of environmentally harmful goods should be taxed heavily |
| Env_4 | Claims about environmental threats are exaggerated |
| Env_5 | Protecting the environment should be given priority, even if it causes slower economic growth and some job losses |
| Env_6 | Economic growth and creating jobs should be the top priority, even if the environment suffers to some extent |
| Env_7 | Humans are harmfully exploiting the environment. |
| Env_8 | If things continue on their present course, we will soon experience a major ecological catastrophe. |
| Env_9 | The US government should implement laws that mandates nation-wide recycling |
| Env_10 | We should vote for candidates proposing laws intending to mitigate the effects of climate change |
| Env_11 | The US government should consider taking actions against deforestation overseas, such as the Amazon Forest. |
| Env_12 | Environmentalists goals are to attack industries and globalization rather than legitimate environmental concerns |
| Env_13 | We should buy Fair Trade products - even when they are more expensive - to incentivize producers in developing countries achieve better trading conditions and to promote sustainability. |
| Env_14 | The US government should decrease taxes on Bioproducts and Green products. |
| Env_15 | To preserve Earth’s ecosystems, there should be strong governmental incentives for products that are derived from renewable biological resources |
Possible values:
Strongly agree (1) - Neither agree nor disagree (5) - Strongly disagree (9)
Source:
Original item
1.2 Samples
N=1500
To conduct a exploratory and a confirmatory large surveys during the general election, we hired a professional survey firm (SSI, a US-based market research company that recruits participants from a panel of 7,139,027 American citizens; more information can be found at www.surveysampling.com (now https://www.dynata.com/) to recruit a nationally representative sample of 1,500 Americans (50.7% women) who completed study materials during the general election from August 16-September 9, 2016. (Information about sampling and exclusion criteria is included in the Supplement). The age distribution was as follows: 18-24 (12.9%), 25-34 (17.6%), 35-44 (17.5%), 45-54 (19.5%), 55-65 (15.6%) and older than 65 (16.9%). The ethnic breakdown was: White/European American (82.5%), Black/African American (7.7%), Latino (5.9%) and “Other” (4.0%). Concerning religion, 67.6% identified as Christian, 17.1% as religiously affiliated but not Christian, and 15.3% as Atheist/Agnostic. With respect to education 35.1% indicated “high school only or lower,” 31.4 % indicated “some college,” and 33.6% indicated having received a “Bachelor” or “Graduate” degree. 2424 participants were directed to the survey,1885 of which finished the survey (attrition rate 22%).
We followed recommendations to minimize the problem of careless responding in online studies. Specifically, we employed 10 random attention questions and time controls to check for data quality. There were 385 participants who failed more than one attention check or finished the survey in under ~22 minutes and were therefore excluded from the sample. For the 1500 participants who successfully finished the survey, completion time was 67 minutes on average (MD: 51min).
N=2119
Also through SSI we also recruited 2,119 American adults (21.5% women), who completed study materials from August 20-September 13, 2016. (Information about sampling and exclusion criteria is included in the Supplement). Age was distributed as follows: 18-24 (9.1%), 25-34 (13.8%), 35-44 (11.4%), 45-54 (2.7%), 55-65(3.6%), 65 and older (59.3%). The ethnic breakdown was: White/European American (85.9%), Black/African American (5.1%), Latino (4.1%), and “Other” (5.0%). In terms of religion, 70.7% identified as Christian, 15.7% as religiously affiliated but not Christian, and 13.7% as Atheist/Agnostic. With respect to educational status, 16.2% chose “high school or lower,” 40.4% reported “some college” and 43.4% had attained a “Bachelor” or “Graduate” degree. The median income category was $50,000-$74,999. 3425 participants were directed to the survey, 2,262 of which finished the survey (attrition rate 22 %).
We followed recommendations to minimize the problem of careless responding in online studies (Meade & Craig, 2012). Specifically, we employed 10 random attention questions and time controls to check for data quality. There were 543 participants who failed more than one attention check or finished the survey in under ~22 minutes and were therefore excluded from the sample. For the 2,119 participants who successfully finished the survey, completion time was 92 minutes on average (MD: 57min).
2 Descriptives
2.1 Means, SD, Range, & SE
2.2 Proportions
2.3 Distributions
2.4 Correlations
